Traditions Uzbekistan national carpet making are extraordinary ancient, they are considered as the result of work and creative searches of many generations. The carpets created by numerous skilled workers, working in-home, basically, in countryside of Uzbekistan, are perfect both on the technician, and on the decorating. National skilled workers carefully store and develop talently fine art traditions of carpet-making.
The Uzbek carpet products can be divided on three kinds – short-nap carpets - gilam, long-nap julhirs and palas fabrics.
For short nap carpets is typical the deep red-brown scale shined with harmoniously combined sparks of color details of the basic medallions, of the geometrical form in the majority of cases. The best examples of the Uzbek short-nap carpets are highly estimated for the decorative qualities, depth and a transparency of tones, original simplicity of the twiddle.
Long–nap carpet julhirs have been widely spread among the Uzbek rural population since ancient time. This kind of carpet art was not known in carpet-making of the other people of Central Asia. Nowadays it gets wide popularity for the decorative qualities and partly for muster with fashionable tendencies of world industry, expanding manufacture of the long-nap carpets. Julhirs are monumental on their composition, their ornament is simple, and color is effective too.
Palas fabrics of Uzbekistan are rather various. Kohma cloth is among their kinds; it is a fabric consisting of smooth strips of different color, a term and gadjary, weaved in a pattern different ways of "the reboric technique" and ornamented with a number of the small geometrical plant ornaments with zoomorphic motives, arabi, carried out using so-called, gap technique. All kinds of palas fabrics are sometimes supplemented with motion of the plated drawing. This difficult technique making impression of an embroidery, is called beshkashta. For the last half of the XX century the technique and ornamentation of the oriental arabi carpets gained wide distribution not only in the environment of the Uzbek population, but also among the population of all Central Asian republics.
Before the beginning of the XX century carpet-making was exclusively female house craft of rural population of the country. In cities they did not manufacture carpets, though demand for carpets here was steady and high too, they satisfied it at the expense of carpets import from the next areas of the Average and Forward Asia. In Soviet period carpet workshops were created by the trade artels of republic, and since 1960 it was created small factories in Khiva, Andizhan, Shahrisabze. However manual house carpet making is still popular among the population of Uzbekistan.
